Surface Pumps vs. Submersible Pumps: Which is Best for Dewatering?

Choosing between a surface pump and a submersible pump depends on site conditions, water levels, flow requirements, power availability and maintenance needs. While both can be effective dewatering solutions, understanding the application is the key to selecting the right equipment.

When Should You Use a Surface Pump?

Surface pumps are often the best choice when the suction lift is 25 feet or less and rapid water removal is required. Because they remain above ground, they are easier to access for maintenance and can achieve extremely high flow rates, making them ideal for flood control, bypass pumping, large construction sites and emergency dewatering. Surface pumps can be powered by diesel engines or electric motors, providing flexibility for remote jobsites where grid power may not be available.

When Is a Submersible Pump the Better Option?

Submersible pumps excel when water levels are deep, site access is limited or noise reduction is important. Because the pump operates directly in the water, suction lift limitations are eliminated, making submersibles effective for excavations, building foundations, mining operations and confined work areas. Their compact footprint can reduce hose congestion and help crews work more efficiently in tight spaces.

What Factors Should Influence Your Decision When Choosing Between a Surface Pump and a Submersible Pump?

1. Suction Lift

If water is deeper than 25 feet below the pump location, a submersible pump is typically the better solution.

2. Site Access and Footprint

Limited space often favors submersible pumps, while surface pumps provide flexibility when equipment must be positioned away from the water source.

3. Required Flow Rate

For high-volume dewatering, surface pumps generally offer the greatest pumping capacity and fastest water removal.

4. Available Power

Submersible pumps typically require electricity, while surface pumps are available in both electric- and diesel-driven configurations.

5. Maintenance Requirements

Surface pumps are easier to inspect and service because they remain above ground. Submersible pumps generally require removal from the water for maintenance.

6. Noise Considerations

Submersible pumps operate quietly, making them well suited for residential, municipal, and noise-sensitive projects.

7. Solids Handling

Surface pumps typically handle larger solids and debris, making them a strong choice for more demanding dewatering environments.

Which Dewatering Pump Is Right for Your Application?

Surface pumps are often preferred for high-flow, easily accessible applications, while submersible pumps are ideal for deep-water, space-constrained, or noise-sensitive environments. Evaluating site conditions, pumping requirements, and available power will help ensure the most reliable and efficient dewatering solution.

As featured in the Pumps & Systems article: Dewatering Dilemma: Surface Pump vs. Submersible Pump

About the Authors:

• Mario DeSimone is product manager–large surface centrifugal pumps at Franklin Electric. He may be reached via email at mario.desimone@pioneerpump.com or by phone at 503-266-0458. 

• Andrew Dodd is applications engineering manager at Franklin Electric. He may be reached via email at andrew.dodd@pioneerpump.com or by phone at 503-266-0461.

• Kyle Johnson is global product manager–electric submersible at Franklin Electric. He may be reached via email at kyle.johnson@fele.com or by phone at 260-827-5726. For more information, visit pioneerpump.com or fele.com.